Functional Appliances for Improving Bite and Jaw Growth

Functional appliances are used as part of specialist orthodontic treatment to guide jaw growth and improve bite function. At Angus Pringle Orthodontics, functional appliance treatment is provided in Fareham, Hampshire for children and teenagers who are still growing, as part of a carefully planned orthodontic approach.

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The British Orthodontic Society has produced a helpful video explaining how functional appliances work:

What are functional appliances?

Functional appliances are orthodontic devices designed to correct bite problems by influencing the growth and position of the jaws. Unlike fixed braces, they are often removable and work by encouraging the lower jaw to move into a more favourable position while a child or teenager is still growing.

These appliances are only used during periods of active growth, which is why they are most commonly recommended for teenagers.

Who are functional appliances suitable for?

Functional appliances are most commonly used for children and teenagers with specific bite concerns, including:

1. Increased overjet. Where the upper teeth sit significantly ahead of the lower teeth.
2. Class II bite relationships. Where the lower jaw sits behind the upper jaw.

Angus will assess jaw growth, dental development, and bite function to determine whether functional appliance treatment is appropriate.

Types of functional appliances

There are different types of functional appliances that may be recommended depending on individual needs, including:

1. Twin Block appliance. A removable appliance made of two parts that work together to reposition the jaws.
2. Fixed Class II corrector appliances. Appliances attached to the teeth that guide jaw position without relying on patient removal.

Benefits of functional appliance treatment

1. Improved bite function. Helps the upper and lower teeth meet more effectively.
2. Guides jaw growth. Takes advantage of natural growth to improve jaw position.
3. Facial balance. Can improve facial proportions during development.
4. May reduce the need for surgery. Early treatment can sometimes prevent more complex treatment later.

What to expect with functional appliance treatment

1. Initial consultation. Angus will assess growth, bite, and dental development.
2. Appliance fitting. A functional appliance is fitted and adjusted for comfort and effectiveness.
3. Monitoring progress. Regular reviews ensure the appliance is working as intended.
4. Transition to further treatment. Once jaw growth has been guided, further orthodontic treatment is usually required.

Do I need more treatment after functional appliances?

Yes. Most patients require a second phase of orthodontic treatment to straighten the teeth and finalise the bite once jaw growth has been guided. This may include options such as Damon braces, Spark Aligners, or Invisalign.

We provide functional appliance treatment for growing patients across Hampshire — view our Hampshire areas we cover.

Remember to hold that smile

Once orthodontic treatment is complete, wearing a retainer is essential to keep the teeth straight and maintain the final result. Learn more about retainers.

Functional appliances are one of several orthodontic treatment options available. You can learn more about seeing a specialist orthodontist in Fareham on our main service page.

Remember to book your consultation with Angus

If you’re unsure whether functional appliance treatment is right for your child or teenager, a consultation with a specialist orthodontist can help guide the decision.

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Are functional appliances removable?

Some functional appliances are removable, while others are fixed. Angus will recommend the most appropriate option based on growth, compliance, and bite correction required.

What age is best for functional appliance treatment?

Functional appliances are most effective during periods of active growth, typically during the early to mid-teenage years.

How long does functional appliance treatment take?

Treatment length varies, but functional appliances are usually worn for several months before moving on to the next phase of orthodontic treatment.

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